The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB), an independent standard-setting board within the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), has issued two new standards to further convergence with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The two standards - International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) 25, Employee Benefits and IPSAS 26, Impairment of Cash-Generating Assets - will improve the consistency and transparency of financial reporting by public sector entities. They can be downloaded from the IFAC online bookstore (https://www.ifac.org/store).

Employee Benefits
For most public sector entities, employee benefits have a major impact on financial performance and financial position. IPSAS 25 sets out the reporting requirements for the four categories of employee benefits dealt with in the IASB's International Accounting Standard (IAS) 19, Employee Benefits. These are short-term employee benefits, such as wages and social security contributions; post-employment benefits, including pensions and other retirement benefits; other long-term employee benefits; and termination benefits. The new IPSAS also deals with specific issues for the public sector, including the discount rate related to post-employment benefits, treatment of post-employment benefits provided through composite social security programs, and long-term disability benefits.

IPSAS 25 is effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2011.

"The significance of reporting employee benefits fully and consistently cannot be overemphasized," states IPSASB Chair Mike Hathorn. "Not recognizing the costs and liabilities related to such obligations can severely undermine the reliability of a public sector entity's financial statements."

Impairment of Cash-Generating Assets
The role of most public sector entities is to provide services to citizens. However, some public sector entities (other than government business enterprises) may operate assets with the main purpose of generating a commercial return. IPSAS 26, which is based on IAS 36, Impairment of Assets, sets out the procedures for a public sector entity to determine whether a cash-generating asset has lost future economic benefit or service potential and to ensure that impairment losses are recognized in its financial reports. Non cash-generating assets, those used primarily for service delivery, are addressed separately in IPSAS 21, Impairment of Non-Cash-Generating Assets.

"In developing IPSAS 26, the IPSASB is responding to constituents who wanted guidance in dealing with the impairment of assets held by public sector entities for commercial purposes," notes Mr. Hathorn, adding, "The issuance of these two standards represents a further important step in the IPSASB's goal of convergence with IFRSs."

IPSAS 26 is effective for reporting periods beginning on or after April 1 2009.

About IFAC
IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 157 members and associates in 123 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB), an independent standard-setting board within the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), has issued new requirements to help governments and other public sector entities consistently report on international aid, development grants and other forms of external assistance. The new disclosure requirements and recommendations are set out in the updated International Public Sector Accounting Standard, Financial Reporting under the Cash Basis of Accounting (Cash-Basis IPSAS).

Currently, there are a number of reporting practices between providers and recipients of external assistance that can be costly for recipients. The disclosures in the updated Cash-Basis IPSAS should reduce some of these multiple reporting practices, helping recipients to use resources more efficiently.

The disclosures represent one of a number of steps that the IPSASB has undertaken to enhance its Cash-Basis IPSAS. Recently, the IPSASB approved a project to consider how the standard could be improved based on the experiences of those using it. The project will review the implementation of the Cash-Basis IPSAS in various jurisdictions and assess whether any changes to the standard are needed. The project task force will be chaired by Ms. Erna Swart of South Africa, who became Deputy Chair of the IPSASB in January 2008.

"The introduction of requirements for external assistance disclosures represents the IPSASB's response not only to constituents who are recipients of external assistance, but also external assistance providers," states IPSASB Chair Mike Hathorn. "These disclosures, as well as broader initiatives undertaken by the IPSASB to improve the Cash-Basis IPSAS, will assist public sector entities in their efforts to strengthen their accountability."

The external assistance requirements are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2009.

The Cash-Basis IPSAS, together with other IPSASB standards and guidance, can be downloaded free-of-charge from the IFAC online bookstore: https://www.ifac.org/store.

IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 157 members and associates in 123 countries and jurisdictions, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB), an independent standard-setting board within the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), is seeking comments on an exposure draft (ED) developed as part of its project to enhance the clarity and usability of its International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) that addresses accounting for fluctuations in exchange rates. ED 33, Amendments to IPSAS 4, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, proposes updates to IPSAS 4 to reflect, as appropriate for the public sector, the latest revisions to the corresponding International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Key proposals in ED 33 reflect amendments made by the IASB to International Accounting Standard 21, The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates.

"Converging IPSASs with IFRSs, where appropriate for the public sector, is one of the key objectives of our standards development program," states Mike Hathorn, Chair of the IPSASB. "This exposure draft proposes a number of changes to IPSAS 4, most notably, to clarify and amend the existing guidance for situations where the public sector entity has an interest in a foreign operation."

How to Comment
Comments on the ED are requested by December 31, 2007. The ED may be viewed by going to https://www.ifac.org/EDs. Comments may be submitted by email to publicsectorpubs@ifac.org. They can also be faxed to the attention of the IPSASB Technical Director at +1 (416) 977-8585, or mailed to the IPSASB Technical Director at 277 Wellington Street West, 6th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5V 3H2, Canada. All comments will be considered a matter of public record and will ultimately be posted on the IFAC website.

Founded in 1977, IFAC is the global organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high-quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The latest compilations of international auditing, ethics and public sector accounting standards are now available in print and electronic formats from the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). The 2007 editions of the Handbook of International Auditing, Assurance, and Ethics Pronouncements and the Handbook of International Public Sector Accounting Pronouncements can be ordered in print or downloaded in PDF format from the IFAC website at https://www.ifac.org/store. In addition, the 2007 auditing and ethics handbook can be ordered in a fully searchable electronic eComPress version.The latest compilations of international auditing, ethics and public sector accounting standards are now available in print and electronic formats from the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). The 2007 editions of the Handbook of International Auditing, Assurance, and Ethics Pronouncements and the Handbook of International Public Sector Accounting Pronouncements can be ordered in print or downloaded in PDF format from the IFAC website at https://www.ifac.org/store. In addition, the 2007 auditing and ethics handbook can be ordered in a fully searchable electronic eComPress version.

Auditing and Assurance Handbook
The 2007 Handbook of International Auditing, Assurance, and Ethics Pronouncements contains all pronouncements of the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) as of December 31, 2006, including the first four International Standards on Auditing redrafted under the IAASB's clarity drafting conventions. The handbook also contains an updated IFAC Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants issued by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants in July 2006.

The 2007 handbook can be ordered in print for US$120.00 plus shipping. The handbook is also available in an electronic eComPress format that is fully searchable, easy to navigate, and can be annotated by the reader using the unique "Notes" feature. The eComPress handbook can be ordered for US$50.00 or as a package with the print version for US$150.00 plus shipping. Network versions are also available.

Public Sector Accounting Handbook
The 2007 Handbook of International Public Sector Accounting Pronouncements contains all pronouncements of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) as of December 31, 2006 as well as the updated IFAC Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. The 2007 handbook features several new International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs) issued in 2006 as well as 11 IPSASs that were revised as part of the IPSASB's project to converge the IPSASs with their related International Financial Reporting Standards where appropriate for the public sector. The public sector handbook is available in print at no charge, except for a US$15.00 shipping cost.

How to Order The 2007 handbooks can be downloaded in PDF format or print and electronic versions can be ordered from the IFAC online bookstore (https://www.ifac.org/Store). You can also place your order by calling IFAC at +1 (212) 471-8722.

IFAC is the worldwide organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. Through its independent standard-setting boards, IFAC sets ethics, auditing and assurance, education, and public sector accounting standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has issued revised standards to increase the clarity and usability of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs). The 11 revised accrual basis IPSASs and a revised Preface to International Public Sector Accounting Standards are a step towards the IPSASB's goal of achieving convergence.

IPSASs set out the financial reporting requirements by governments and other public sector entities. The IPSASB aims to converge IPSASs with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, while at the same time also considering public sector specific issues and reflecting public sector emphasis within the standards.

To help apply the IPSASs, the revised Preface to International Public Sector Accounting Standards clarifies that, from now on, all paragraphs within all IPSASs have equal authority.

"Global convergence of financial reporting standards remains one of the key objectives of IFAC and the IPSASB," states Mike Hathorn, IPSASB Chair. "Revising these IPSASs reflects the IPSASB's commitment to progress the IFRS convergence component of its work program, as well as address public sector specific issues not dealt with by IFRSs."

The 11 revised IPSASs are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2008.

The revised IPSASs and the revised Preface to International Public Sector Accounting Standards can be downloaded from the IFAC online bookstore: https://www.ifac.org/store. They will also be included in the 2007 edition of the Handbook of International Public Sector Accounting Pronouncements.

IFAC is the worldwide organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for inviting me to speak before you today on a topic that I think is critical to the well being of Sri Lanka and to other countries both in South Asia and worldwide: that is, the importance of corporate governance in the public sector. It is a topic that is receiving increasing attention from the media, the public and governments themselves, although it has been long been of importance to the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC).

For twenty years, IFAC has been working to improve the financial reporting and financial management of governments at all levels - national, state and provincial, and local - as well as that of other public sector entities worldwide. The fiscal accountability of governments is central to enhancing economic growth and development worldwide - one of IFAC's most important goals. Failing to hold governments to account, can, I believe, compromise and even jeopardize ongoing private sector initiatives to building and maintaining confidence in the financial reporting process, lead to friction within government management, and, in less stable environments, result in significant citizen unrest.

Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for inviting me to speak before you today on a topic that I think is critical to the well being of India and to other countries worldwide: that is government financial reporting. It is a topic that is receiving increasing attention from the media, the public and governments themselves, although it has long been of importance to the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC).

It is an issue of significance at all levels of government, including city government. For twenty years, IFAC has been working to improve the financial reporting and financial management of governments at all levels - national, state and provincial, and local - as well as that of other public sector entities worldwide. The fiscal accountability of governments is central to enhancing economic growth and development - one of IFAC's most important goals. Failure to hold governments accountable, can, I believe, compromise and jeopardize private sector initiatives directed at building and maintaining confidence in the financial reporting process, as well as diminishing confidence in democratic processes.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has released International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs) which identify disclosures to be made by governments and other public sector entities that make their approved budgets publicly available. These disclosures will contribute greatly to improving accountability by helping readers to compare budget amounts with actual amounts arising from carrying out the budget.

A new standard, IPSAS 24, Presentation of Budget Information in Financial Statements, applies to entities that adopt the accrual basis of financial reporting. In addition, the cash basis IPSAS, Financial Reporting under the Cash Basis of Accounting, has been updated to include both required and encouraged disclosures that apply to entities that adopt the cash basis of financial reporting.

Both standards require that a comparison of budget and actual amounts for the reporting period be included in the financial statements. They also require explanations for material differences between the budget and actual amounts in the notes to the financial statements or in a separate report issued in conjunction with those statements.

"Reporting the actual amounts resulting from execution of budget against the approved budget and explaining the variance will enhance the transparency of financial statements," states Philippe Adhémar, immediate past Chair of the IPSASB who oversaw the development of the new standards. "Compliance with the standards enables public sector entities to better discharge their accountability obligations by demonstrating compliance with the approved budget for which they are held publicly accountable."

IPSAS 24 and Financial Reporting under the Cash Basis of Accounting can be downloaded from the IFAC online bookstore: https://www.ifac.org/store. Both standards will also be included in the 2007 edition of the Handbook of International Public Sector Pronouncements.

IFAC is the worldwide organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has released a new standard on reporting revenue from non-exchange transactions. This new standard will contribute greatly to enhancing the transparency of financial reporting by governments and other public sector entities. Taxes and transfers are the major source of revenue for most governments and other public sector entities. However, internationally agreed requirements for financial reporting of these revenues have not previously been developed.

IPSAS 23, Revenue from Non-Exchange Transactions (Taxes and Transfers), addresses a range of matters critical to government financial reporting of tax revenue, including the basis on which a wide range of taxes should be recognized and measured. It also deals with the other major source of non-exchange revenue for public sector entities - transfers, which include grants from other governments and international organizations, gifts and donations. In addition, the IPSAS establishes requirements on how conditions and restrictions on the use of transferred resources are to be reflected in the financial statements.

"IPSAS 23 is the culmination of four and a half years of intense work, debate and consultation by the IPSASB, which specifically solicited the input of experts in the field of governmental financial reporting throughout the world," states Philippe Adhémar, IPSASB Chair. "This new standard also represents a major achievement for the IPSASB in addressing public sector specific issues at a global level and in establishing an international benchmark for the financial reporting of taxes and transfers. Compliance with IPSAS 23 will enhance the quality, comparability and transparency of financial reporting by public sector entities around the world."

IPSAS 23 can be downloaded from the IFAC online bookstore: https://www.ifac.org/store. It will also be included in the 2007 edition of the Handbook of International Public Sector Pronouncements.

About IFAC

IFAC is the worldwide organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.

The International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has released a new International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS) designed to improve the quality and uniformity of financial information reported by public sector entities around the world.

IPSAS 22, Disclosure of Financial Information about the General Government Sector, establishes requirements for governments that choose to disclose information about the general government sector and that prepare their financial statements under the accrual basis of accounting. The new standard permits governments to disaggregate their consolidated financial statements in accordance with the sectors established in the statistical bases of financial reporting. This is significant because it will allow governments to distinguish the financial position, performance and cash flows of the general government sector, which is comprised of government controlled entities that are primarily engaged in non-market activities. It was developed in consultation with the International Task Force on Harmonization of Public Sector Accounting, whose goal is to harmonize the statistical and financial reporting requirements of governments.

"In many jurisdictions, governments prepare budgets and have their performance assessed on the basis of statistical requirements," states Philippe Adhémar, IPSASB Chair. "This IPSAS will enable governments to disclose the operations of the general government sector, which will provide a higher level of transparency to the public. It is also a useful bridge between the world of accountants and national accounts statisticians."

Because this information is not required in many jurisdictions, the IPSAS is a voluntary disclosure standard. IPSAS 22 can be downloaded from the IFAC online bookstore: https://www.ifac.org/store. It will also be included in the 2007 edition of the Handbook of International Public Sector Accounting Pronouncements.

About IFAC

IFAC is the worldwide organization for the accountancy profession dedicated to serving the public interest by strengthening the profession and contributing to the development of strong international economies. IFAC is comprised of 155 members and associates in 118 countries, representing more than 2.5 million accountants in public practice, education, government service, industry and commerce. In addition to setting international public sector financial reporting standards through the IPSASB, IFAC, through its independent standard-setting boards, sets ethics, auditing and assurance, and education standards. It also issues guidance to encourage high quality performance by professional accountants in business.